Cyst appearance during pregnancy can indeed make pregnant women become worried. Especially if this is the first pregnancy and cysts are detected in the early trimester of pregnancy. So that you can understand more about cysts during pregnancy and their effects on pregnancy, consider the following explanation.
Cysts are small, fluid-filled sacs. Cysts can be experienced by anyone, and can appear in various areas of the body including the skin, genitals, and internal organs such as the ovaries and uterus. In women, cysts can also appear during pregnancy, and the most frequently found are ovarian cysts.
Generally, cysts have formed before fertilization of various sizes. However, cysts are often only discovered when pregnant women undergo ultrasound examination (USG). Cysts that appear early in pregnancy will usually shrink around the 14th week and disappear by the 16th week of pregnancy.
There are two types of ovarian cysts, one of which is a functional cyst. Functional cysts appear as part of the menstrual cycle. Cysts that are classified as general are harmless and can disappear by themselves. The second type of cyst is a pathological cyst. In contrast to functional cysts, pathological cysts have abnormal cells caused by certain diseases, such as endometriosis or cancer.
Symptoms of Cysts during Pregnancy
When a cyst arises in one of the ovaries (ovary), the symptoms are not typical and sometimes even without symptoms. But if the cyst gets bigger, symptoms will appear in the form of:
- Irregular menstrual cycles.
- Pain in the pelvis or abdomen.
- Quickly feel full.
- Bloated.
- Frequent urination.
- Vaginal bleeding.
- Nausea or vomiting.
- Pain during sexual intercourse.
These symptoms can be very similar to the symptoms of pregnancy outside the womb (ectopic pregnancy). Immediately consult a doctor if you feel there are unusual changes during pregnancy.
Effects of Cysts on Pregnancy
After detecting a cyst in the ovary of a pregnant woman, usually the doctor will first monitor the development of the cyst to determine the actions needed. The reason is that cysts during pregnancy do not necessarily cause problems during pregnancy.
If the size of the cyst in a pregnant woman is small and harmless, the doctor will only recommend routine examinations and ultrasound to the obstetrician. This is done to monitor the development of the cyst, whether it has diminished, completely disappeared, or even enlarged.
In addition to shrinking and disappearing by itself, ovarian cysts can also disappear due to rupture. Usually a small cyst rupture will not show any symptoms or signs in pregnant women. However, if the cyst is broken large (above 5 centimeters), pregnant women will feel quite severe pain.
In some cases, ruptured cysts can cause bleeding in the stomach that can potentially interfere with pregnancy. While cysts themselves generally do not affect pregnancy or fetus. However, you should still regularly see a doctor if a cyst is found during pregnancy.
Management of cysts during pregnancy
Cyst treatment during pregnancy will be adjusted to the cause, size and appearance of the cyst on ultrasound examination, as well as the age of pregnant women. There are two methods of handling cysts during pregnancy, namely:
Routine monitoring
Operating procedure
Cysts during pregnancy tend to be benign and will disappear with increasing gestational age. However, you still need to do routine checks to the doctor to monitor the growth of cysts, especially if the cysts cause complaints.
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